Pain During Labor and Delivery Pain during labor is caused primarily by uterine muscle contractions and somewhat by pressure on the cervix. [...]]]>

If you’re like most women, the pain of labor and delivery is one of the things that worries you about having a baby. This is certainly understandable, because for most women, labor is painful.

Pain During Labor and Delivery Pain during labor is caused primarily by uterine muscle contractions and somewhat by pressure on the cervix. This pain manifests itself as cramping in the abdomen, groin, and back, as well as a tired, achy feeling all over. Some women experience pain in their sides or thighs as well.

Other causes of pain during labor include pressure on the bladder and bowels by the baby’s head and the stretching of the birth canal and vagina.

Although labor is often thought of as one of the more painful events in human experience, it ranges widely from woman to woman and even from pregnancy to pregnancy. Women experience labor pain differently – for some, it resembles menstrual cramps; for others, severe pressure; and for others, extremely strong waves that feel like diarrheal cramps. In addition, first-time mothers are more likely to give their pain a higher rating than women who’ve had babies before.

The intensity of labor pain isn’t always the determining factor that drives women to seek pain management – often it’s the repetitive nature and length of time the pain persists with each contraction.

There are a variety of ways to reduce pain during labor, some of which you can start doing before or during your pregnancy.

The Lamaze technique is the most widely used method in the United States. The Lamaze philosophy teaches that birth is a normal, natural, and healthy process and that women should be empowered to approach it with confidence. Lamaze classes educate women about the ways they can decrease their perception of pain, such as through relaxation techniques, breathing exercises, distraction, or massage by a supportive coach. Lamaze approach takes a neutral position toward pain medication, encouraging women to make an informed decision about whether it’s right for them.

The Bradley method (also called Husband-Coached Birth) emphasizes a natural approach to birth and the active participation of the baby’s father as birth coach. A major goal of this method is the avoidance of medications unless absolutely necessary. The Bradley method also focuses on good nutrition and exercise during pregnancy and relaxation and deep-breathing techniques as a method of coping with labor. Although the Bradley method advocates a medication-free birth experience, the classes do prepare parents for unexpected complications or situations, like emergency cesarean sections.

Some other ways you can handle pain during labor include:

• hypnosis
• yoga
• meditation
• walking
• massage or counterpressure
• changing position
• taking a bath or shower
• distracting yourself by counting or performing an activity that keeps your mind otherwise occupied.

Here are some things to think about when considering pain control during labor:

• Medications can relieve much of your pain, but probably won’t relieve all of it.
• Labor often hurts more than you anticipated. Some women who have previously said they want no pain medicine whatsoever end up changing their minds once they’re actually in labor.
• Pain medications can affect your labor – your blood pressure may drop, your labor may slow down or speed up, you may become nauseous, and you may feel a sense of confusion and lack of control.
• Pain medications can affect your baby – if given shortly before birth, the baby may be drowsy or have difficulty breathing.
• If you end up needing a cesarean section, you’ll be given regional or general anesthesia for the birth. General anesthesia is given for emergency c-sections when a life-threatening condition has developed in the pregnant woman or baby.

While there are entire books on the subject, the process is relatively easy. Vegetables should be steamed, [...]]]> Homemade baby food is not only delicious and economical, it is simple to
prepare as well. Being able to control the ingredients, choosing organic produce
and meats, and combining favorite foods are some of the hidden benefits to
making baby food at home.

While there are entire books on the subject, the process is relatively easy.
Vegetables should be steamed, fruits should be simmered, and meat should be
poached. The food is then blended in a food mill or food processor and
refrigerated or frozen. Baby food can be made in batches small enough to last a
few days and stored in the refrigerator or larger batches can be made and frozen
for two months.


Choosing when to start your baby on solid foods is a very personal decision.
Consult your baby?s doctor for tips on when to start and what foods to start
with. Many doctors recommend starting baby on rice cereal. It is also advised to
introduce one food at a time, over the course of a week. This will alert you to
any food allergies your baby may have. Pureed apples and sweet potatoes are good
choices once the baby is used to cereal.

The age and size of the baby will determine the type of food and its
consistency. Young babies require fine purees with no lumps or strings. You will
have to add breast milk, formula, or boiled water to loosen the puree enough for
new eaters. Some parents use soy or rice milk in baby food. As the baby grows,
the food can become thicker and with tiny chunks. The small chunks will
encourage baby to gum, and eventually chew, the food. Your little one will soon
learn to eat small dices of fruits and vegetables along with Mom and Dad.
Uncommon baby food

There are a few foods that need no preparation other than mashing with a
fork or blending in a food mill: banana, avocado, and papaya.

If you dry home-grown fruits or vegetables, those can also be made into baby
food. The dried food should be ground into a fine powder, or a coarse powder if
you have an older baby, and reconstituted with breast milk or formula. A good
example of dried food that reconstitutes well is dried apple rings. Also, potato
flakes or chips, pears, green beans, peas and squash make excellent baby food.

Another unconventional source is canned fruits or vegetables. Canned fruits
should be in water, if possible. If they are in syrup, they should be drained
and rinsed. Then you can puree them and serve. Canned vegetables are just as
simple. Use some of the water the vegetables are packed in to blend the food.
Avoid canned vegetables that contain a lot of salt. Canned pumpkin, not pumpkin
pie, was a favorite of my son.

Plain yogurt is very good to serve older babies. It may need to be thinned
with breast milk or formula. Cottage cheese should be blended before serving and
it, too, may need to be thinned.
Getting started

The equipment needed is basic. You must have pots and pans to cook in,
something to blend the food into a puree, and containers to store the food. A
steamer basket is useful for the vegetables. A blender, food processor, food
mill, or baby food grinder all work well to create purees. Old baby food jars,
rigid plastic containers, or ice cube trays work wonders in storing your
concoctions.

Everything you use to make baby food should be very clean. Sterilizing the
jars and utensils is recommended.
Basic recipes

Fruits, such as apples, pears, peaches, apricots, and plums should first be
peeled and cut into small pieces. Pour enough water over them to cover
completely, but take care not to add too much water. The amount of water you?ll
need will vary with the size of your pot and the amount of fruit. Simmer until
tender, usually 10 to 30 minutes.

The fruit can be stored in the refrigerator or frozen. Don?t thin the puree
until you are ready to serve it to your baby. The best way I have found to
freeze baby food is using ice cube trays. I fill each tray with the puree and
pop it in the freezer. Once frozen solid, put the puree-cubes in freezer bags.
This makes it easy to remove only a few cubes at a time. The puree can also be
frozen in baby food jars or small can/freeze jars, always allowing space in the
jar for expansion. Rigid plastic containers also work well. No matter what
container you use, freeze baby food in small amounts for quicker thawing.

Another reason I prefer the ice cube method is the ability to combine
different foods. I almost always make single-food purees. Then, I can combine
different fruits and vegetables and see if my son likes them. For example, my
son loved sweet potatoes but hated green beans. I combined two cubes of sweet
potato with one of green bean and he didn?t mind. I gradually increased the
amount of green bean and now, it is one of his favorites. Thaw the cubes in the
refrigerator overnight. Jars and containers take longer to thaw, so you will
have to plan in advance. If I need to rush the cubes along, I put them in a
double boiler over boiling water. I try not to use the microwave for baby food,
due to the uneven heating.

Vegetables, such as carrots, sweet potatoes, peas, green beans, squash, and
potatoes should be peeled and diced. Steam them until they are tender. The time
will vary, depending on the size of the pieces and the amount in the steamer
basket. Once they are pureed, freeze them just as you would fruits.

If I want to add meat to my son?s diet, I puree whatever I am cooking, minus
the spices and seasonings. After it?s fully cooked and pureed, I add it to his
vegetables.
Warnings

Beets, broccoli, cabbage, carrots, celery, collard greens, lettuce, spinach,
and turnips contain high quantities of nitrates, which can cause illness in
babies. Limit the quantity of these foods in your baby?s diet.

Honey should never be given to a child under age one. Some honey contains
botulism which can be deadly to babies.
On to ?real food?

Once your baby has outgrown fine purees, or even the chunkier versions, you
can still provide healthy meals. Dice fruits, vegetables and meats and let your
little one feed himself. If you are letting baby feed himself, give him a little
at a time. Measure what you give him and after he is done eating, put whatever
has fallen into his high chair back into the measuring cup. This will give you
an opportunity to see how well your baby eats.

If you have a child who doesn?t like fruits or vegetables, try being
innovative. Instead of serving them fruit dices, try a blended-fruit drink.
Blend one cup milk with ? banana, ? cup fresh berries, or ? cup canned peaches.
Make fruit-filled gelatin or try adding pureed beets. Sweeten vegetables with
apples and pears.

Good food combinations plums and pears green beans and any meat sweet potatoes and bananas sweet potatoes and apples pumpkin and apples apples and blueberries banana and avocado Making your own baby food may seem a little overwhelming at first. After a few batches, you?ll realize how much easier it is than buying those pesky little ja